15.1. Methods to prevent the formation of white rust are as follows

(1) During storage, galvanized steel pipes must be kept free of condensation and residual heat;

(2) Warehouses should maintain proper ventilation, with air humidity maintained between 60% to 95%;

(3) Avoid stacking in areas with high concentrations of harmful gases or dust;

(4) Apply protective coatings such as oil, passivation treatment, or organic coatings to the galvanized surface.