28.8. What are the measures to address incomplete penetration and lack of fusion defects?

Incomplete fusion and incomplete penetration defects are obviously closely related to the dimensions of the groove. Therefore, strict adherence to design requirements and specifications is necessary in the design of the groove. During the welding process, attention must be paid to selecting the appropriate welding current to prevent high or low currents from affecting welding quality. Additionally, it is important to control the welding speed, keeping it within a reasonable operational range to avoid incomplete fusion and penetration defects caused by excessive speed. Furthermore, the cleanliness of the weld joint should be monitored; any oxidation products must be promptly removed to prevent defects. Attention should also be paid to observing the quality of the weld joint, and any issues should be addressed in a timely manner.