During the welding process, if there is a depression at the welding edge, causing the weld seam to be lower than the base material, this depression is known as an undercut defect. There are various reasons for undercut defects. Excessively fast welding speeds or the use of high welding currents during the welding process, which enhances the arc, can both lead to the occurrence of undercut defects. Additionally, welding depth fluctuations due to issues with the welding machine's weld bead during the welding process can make it difficult for weld metal to be replenished, resulting in more severe strain phenomena. Therefore, during spiral steel pipe welding operations, it is important to avoid the occurrence of undercut defects as much as possible.
The primary solution for undercut defects is to control the welding current well, which can largely prevent the occurrence of undercut defects. By controlling the welding current, stabilizing the arc length, and maintaining a uniform welding speed, the undercut phenomenon caused by unstable welding speeds can be avoided. During the adjustment of welding parameters, it is also necessary to carefully verify the parameters. The inclination angle of the welding electrode should match the travel speed to potentially improve welding quality. At the same time, attention should be paid to inspecting the weld seam and promptly addressing any issues found.
