Causes of Undercut Defects

During the welding process, if a depression is formed at the edge of the weld, causing the weld seam to be lower than the base material, this depression is known as an undercut defect. There are various causes of undercut defects. For instance, welding too quickly or using a high welding current, which intensifies the arc, can both lead to undercut defects. Additionally, issues with the welding bead during the welding process can cause fluctuations in welding depth. In such cases, the weld metal may not be easily replenished, resulting in severe strain. Therefore, during spiral steel pipe welding operations, it is important to avoid the occurrence of undercut defects as much as possible.