The thickness of the passivation film generally ranges from 0.5 to 1 micrometer (μ). It is highly stable, with a dense structure and a transparent metallic appearance. The passi
After analyzing the passivation film, it was found that trivalent chromium is the most abundant component, followed by water, and then hexavalent chromium. Other components include
In some passivation solution formulas, acids such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and acetic acid are added. The advantages of doing so are as follows: it promotes
The most representative formula for chromate passivation solution in China has been in use for over two decades. After such a long period of time, it has proven to be practical and
The primary passivation treatment methods used in the production of galvanized steel pipes worldwide are chromate passivation and phosphating treatment. The former is mainly applie
(1) To improve the structural composition and gloss of the galvanized coating surface; (2) To enhance the corrosion resistance and service life of the galvanized coating; (3) To pr
When a piece of iron is placed in a diluted nitric acid solution, it will dissolve vigorously and emit red fumes, which indicates the corrosion of iron. However, if concentrated ni
After removing the galvanized steel pipe from the cooling water, it still needs to undergo passivation treatment. If the cooling water adhering to the inner and outer surfaces of t
The reason for the visible turtle cracking pattern on the surface of galvanized steel pipes after water cooling is primarily due to the fact that the galvanized steel pipes have no
When galvanized steel pipes with a temperature of around 300~350°C are conveyed into the water by a chain, the speed cannot be very fast. Due to the inherent longitudinal bendi
To prevent galvanized steel pipes from bending during water cooling, the following measures should be taken: (1) The temperature of hot-dip galvanized steel pipes should not be too
In the water cooling process for galvanized steel pipes, it is stipulated that the temperature of the cooling water should be strictly controlled within the range of 50~80°C. T